考虑竞争企业定向能力的定向优惠券投放策略

针对竞争环境下企业优惠券投放问题,本文引入大众优惠券和定向优惠券,综合考虑消费者忠诚度和定向能力策略,构建优惠券影响下的企业利润模型,进而分析企业优惠券投放策略。结果表明:(1)当企业实施定向优惠券策略时,企业在优势市场投放强度要高于竞争市场;(2)当企业综合考虑价格歧视和定向优惠券策略时,通过在不同细分市场给予消费者不同价格,最大程度上提升企业的利润;(3)当企业不具备完全定向能力时,企业优惠券投放强度会受到细分市场优惠券面值和投放精度的影响,且同时实行价格歧视和定向优惠券策略,可能会加剧市场竞争。     

Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical innate immune pathway responsible for producing active interleukin (IL)-1β, which is associated with tumor development and immunity. However, the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, tumorigenesis and tumor immunity are unclear. Herein, we show that the NLRP3 inflammasome was over-expressed in human HNSCC tissues and that the IL-1β concentration was increased in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients. Additionally, elevated NLRP3 inflammasome levels were detected in tumor tissues of Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO HNSCC mice, and elevated IL-1β levels were detected in the peripheral blood serum, spleen, draining lymph nodes and tumor tissues. Blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation using MCC950 remarkably reduced IL-1β production in an HNSCC mouse model and reduced the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation increased the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in HNSCC mice. Notably, the numbers of exhausted PD-1⁺ and Tim3⁺ T cells were significantly reduced. A human HNSCC tissue microarray showed that NLRP3 inflammasome expression was correlated with the expression of CD8 and CD4, the Treg marker Foxp3, the MDSC markers CD11b and CD33, and the TAM markers CD68 and CD163, PD-1 and Tim3. Overall, our results demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway promotes tumorigenesis in HNSCC and inactivation of this pathway delays tumor growth, accompanied by decreased immunosuppressive cell accumulation and an increased number of effector T cells. Thus, inhibition of the tumor microenvironment through the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway may provide a novel approach for HNSCC therapy.     

西湖凹陷西部斜坡带花港组、平湖组储层裂缝发育特征及有效裂缝测井识别

以西湖凹陷西斜坡花港组、平湖组致密砂岩储层为研究对象,通过录井资料分析及岩心和显微薄片观察,研究裂缝的宏观与微观发育特征及其影响因素.结果显示其主要发育层理缝和构造缝.层理缝主要为水平缝和低角度缝,且已被充填;构造缝主要为垂直缝和高角度缝,充填缝和未充填缝各占一半.裂缝的发育受岩性、单层厚度、断裂及地应力场的综合影响.在交会图法(定性)和概率判别法(半定量)研究的基础上,将岩心观察统计结果与常规测井曲线和成像测井成果相对比,综合预测与评价裂缝发育段,认为有利的裂缝发育层段为花港组下段和平湖组中下段.     

基于液质联用技术对早期高脂血症金黄地鼠肝脏鞘脂的靶向代谢组学研究

摘要:目的 对高脂血症金黄地鼠肝匀浆中鞘脂进行相对定量的靶向代谢组学研究。 方法 18 只 SPF 级叙利亚金黄地鼠随机分为正常对照组和高脂血症模型组,饲喂 6 周后进行血液生化检测,取肝脏进行 HE 染色,观察两组动物血液生化指标和组织病理学变化。 基于液质联用技术,采用主成分分析( PCA) 和偏最小二乘法分析( PLS-DA)进行模式识别,对鞘脂种类进行相对定量分析。 结果 高脂血症模型组 TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C 水平明显高于正常对照组,均具有统计学差异。 肝组织结构紊乱,肝细胞大片气球样变性,灶性小泡性脂肪变,肝细胞肥大致肝窦不明显,枯否细胞增生,肝小叶内可见炎细胞聚集灶,汇管区轻度炎细胞浸润及纤维组织增生。 21 种鞘脂,包括鞘磷脂( sphingomyelin,SM) 、神经酰胺( ceramide,Cer)和葡糖基神经酰胺( glucosyl-ceramide,Glc-cer) 在高脂血症仓鼠肝脏出现异常改变。 其中,9 种 Cer 上调,4 种 Glc-cer 下调,8 种 SM 中有 3 种上调,其余 5 种下调。 结论 早期高脂血症金黄地鼠的围绕神经酰胺的鞘脂的代谢途径被破坏,可能触模型组的胰岛素抵抗和炎症反应,导致肝脏损伤,影响血脂代谢。 基于 LC-MS 的鞘脂途径的靶向代谢组学研究为了解高脂血症的生物学机理提供了更多有用的信息。     

峰值电量约束下的场桥能耗最小化问题研究

随着化石能源的大量使用带来的环境污染问题日益严峻,关注能源使用效率的集装箱港口绿色化运营研究成为近年来的热点之一.本文以集装箱堆场中需要执行预倒箱作业的场桥为研究对象,考虑场桥不同运行状态下的单位时间电量需求不同以及峰值电量实时约束,建立了以总能耗最小化为目标的多场桥调度问题的混合整数规划数学模型.继而,将关键变量利用非连续贝和连续贝两种不同的方式进行编码,将次级变量利用启发式规则进行解码,并设计了相对应的遗传算法交叉与变异方法.数值实验表明,连续贝编码方法表现更为优异;通过与Cplex在小规模算例中的比较,与粒子群算法及人工蜂群算法在大规模算例中的比较,验证了所设计遗传算法的有效性.同时,通过与传统策略的对比,表明本模型可以同时实现能耗总需求与峰值需求两方面的优化,从而可以为港口管理人员在不影响既定日常运营工作的前提下降低能源成本提供科学有效的指导.     

Superior corrosion resistance-dependent laser energy density in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy coating fabricated by laser cladding

(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy(HEA)coatings were successfully fabricated on a substrate of Q235 steel by laser cladding technology.These(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings possess excellent properties,particularly corrosion resistance,which is clearly superior to that of some typical bulk HEA and common engineering alloys.In order to obtain appropriate laser cladding preparation process parameters,the effects of laser energy density on the microstructure,microhardness,and corrosion resistance of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating were closely studied.Results showed that as the laser energy density increases,precipitation of the Laves phase in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating gradually decreases,and diffusion of the Fe element in the substrate intensifies,affecting the integrity of the(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA.This decreases the microhardness of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings.Moreover,the relative content of Cr2O3,Cr(OH)3,and Nb2O5 in the surface passive film of the coating decreases with increasing energy density,causing corrosion resistance to decrease.This study demonstrates the controllability of a high-performance HEA coating using laser cladding technology,which has significance for the laser cladding preparation of other CoCrFeNi-system HEA coatings.     

基于群偏好与用户偏好协同演化的群推荐方法

群推荐系统已经成为社交网络平台的重要工具,为群体用户提供兼顾个性化和整体满意度的产品和服务.现有群推荐方法大多是对个性化推荐方法的集成和聚合,忽略了群体和用户的交互影响以及群偏好和成员偏好的动态变化,从而无法保障群推荐系统的效果.为此,本文提出一种基于群偏好和用户偏好协同演化的群推荐方法,能够建模群体和用户的动态交互.具体而言,本文将用户偏好建模成其历史偏好和群影响的加权聚合结果,将群偏好建模成群历史偏好和新加入成员偏好的加权聚合结果,最终预测群体可能消费的产品列表和成员可能加入的群体列表.实验结果表明,本文所提模型在群体消费行为和用户加群行为的预测表现都优于基准算法,并兼具很好的鲁棒性.     

部分可观测耦合随机抛物方程组的参数估计

本文研究加性时空白噪声驱动下的部分可观测耦合随机抛物方程组的参数极大似然估计量.在观测时间和噪声强度不变的条件下，本文证明了估计量的强相合性和渐近正态性.数值算例验证了理论结果.     

云南曲靖下泥盆统桂家屯组一种新的工蕨类植物及栖生的微螺虫

记述发现于云南曲靖锅盖山剖面桂家屯组的一种早期维管植物。该植物茎轴裸露, 根状茎以连续多次K型或H型分枝形成复杂的分枝系统, 直立轴呈简单的二歧式分枝, 孢子囊侧视呈匙形至卵形, 螺旋状着生于穗轴上。该植物体型较小, 保存较完整的根状茎, 但孢子囊穗的保存状况较差, 孢子囊结构不够清晰, 无明显可见的孢子囊开裂线, 因此将其暂定为cf. Zosterophyllum sp.。尽管如此, 该植物展现的性状特征不同于典型的 Zosterophyllum 及其他相关属种, 丰富了人们对早期维管植物形态变异及桂家屯组植物组合的认识。在cf. Zosterophyllum sp.的直立轴表面栖生大量微螺虫(microconchids)标本, 直径为0.7~2.2 mm。微螺虫是一种已灭绝的水生无脊椎动物, 发现于晚奥陶世到中侏罗世末期地层中, 其壳体为螺旋状的钙质管, 习惯固着在包括植物在内的各种硬质基体上。微螺虫在cf. Zosterophyllum sp.的直立轴栖生, 表明该植物在生长期间曾被水体淹没, 之后微螺虫伴随植物茎干被搬运和埋藏。     

Seven new species of the genus Pseudostegana (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from South-west China,with DNA barcoding information

Seven new species of the genus Pseudostegana are discovered from South China: P. latiapicula sp. nov., P. nannanae sp. nov., P. bingxueae sp. nov., P. husaensis sp. nov., P. linyongi sp. nov., P. montipagana sp. nov., and P. sigangli sp. nov.; the first two new species belong to the P. latiparma species group, and the rest belong to the P. zonaria species group. The DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene with BOLD Process ID and GenBank accession numbers are provided for the seven new species and 10 known species from southern China: P. acutifoliolata Li, Gao and Chen, 2010; P. angustifasciata Chen and Wang, 2005, P. bifasciata Chen, Toda and Wang, 2005, P. bilobata Li, Gao and Chen, 2010; P. insularis Li, Gao and Chen, 2010; P. latifasciata Chen, Toda and Wang, 2005, P. minutipalpata; P. nitidifrons Chen and Wang, 2005, P. pallidemaculata Chen and Wang, 2005 and P. silvana. Intra- and interspecific pairwise Kimura’s two-parameter (K2P) distances among these species are summarised. www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C01D7920-61AD-4651-8861-9D76C3CD86F6